Frees A lack of Respect in To Build a Fire Essay Example For Students

Liberates An absence of Respect in To Build a Fire Essay London To Build a Fire Essays An absence of Respect To Build a Fire by Jack London is a short anecdote about a man going along the Yukon River in the unpleasant winter climate. While cautioned against voyaging alone in the freezing cold, he adventures out to meet his colleagues at a remote camp numerous miles away, with just his canine. Defeat by natures power, he in the end perishes en route, leaving his four-legged accomplice to finish the excursion alone. The story shows how the powers of nature can shockingly overpower even the most sure of men. The explorer, or additionally alluded to as a chechaquo, is the primary character of Londons story. He is a snappy and ready man, yet needs creative mind to see things in the 10,000 foot view. We realize that he knows the methods of the ice condition, yet it becomes evident that he has never encountered a circumstance like this. The man is perceptive and very ingenious, exemplified when he urges the canine to stroll in front of him over the ice, if there should arise an occurrence of weaknesses. A blend of self-importance and certainty are clear with pretty much every idea he has. In any event, when confronted with his own interminability, the man battles to contain himself and try to avoid panicking. London utilizes the pooch making a trip with the man to help a portion of the more subtle focuses in the story. We know from the pooches considerations that the atmosphere isn't just cool, however closer to horrendous. The focal clash in the story is the Traveler versus Nature. He shows a complete absence of regard for the earth wherein he has decided to travel. From the earliest starting point, the peruser comprehends that the man is attempted an assignment where most would sit tight for progressively reasonable conditions. His outing starts all around ok, yet before long becomes deplorable when he gets through the ice and wets himself up to the midriff. He is more furious than stressed as he fabricates a fire to dry his wet boots and socks. His pomposity shows when he contemplates internally, Those old-clocks were fairly womanish. Because of a grave slip-up on his piece of building the fire under a tree limb overburdened with new day off, fire is soaked out when the warmth crumples the branch. His furthest points are now numb from the cold and he does not have the skill to light another fire so starts to run with an end goal to get to his partners camp just as increment his course enough to heat up. He comes up short in the two endeavors and before long falls from depletion. While laying in the day off, and biting the dust, he comes to comprehend that the old-clock was correct. You were correct, old hoss; you were correct, he says. The man can't prevent the wonderful force from securing nature has vanquished him. London composes, To Build a Fire from the total omniscient perspective. We know about what the Traveler is seeing, hearing, doing and thinking. We know things that occurred previously and what will most likely occur after his demise. This view permits us to assemble realities, for example, the earnestness of the temperature when the pooch is discouraged about voyaging and realizes that they ought not be doing as such. Never in the canines experience had it realized a man to sit like that in the day off make no fire. shows the canine watching the man biting the dust in the day off, which it considers its past encounters and judges that something isn't right with the man. In the wake of coming down with the aroma of terrible bug from the man it runs away toward the camp. The peruser regularly would simply observe the canine leaving, yet the portrayal permits us to recognize what the pooch was thinking. The setting of the story is the Klondike along the Yukon River vulnerable of winter. London gives the peruser an amazingly point by point image of the spot in which this everything is occurring. .u1f42fa0465e0e78ec5f1ed314c84c7dd , .u1f42fa0465e0e78ec5f1ed314c84c7dd .postImageUrl , .u1f42fa0465e0e78ec5f1ed314c84c7dd .focused content region { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .u1f42fa0465e0e78ec5f1ed314c84c7dd , .u1f42fa0465e0e78ec5f1ed314c84c7dd:hover , .u1f42fa0465e0e78ec5f1ed314c84c7dd:visited , .u1f42fa0465e0e78ec5f1ed314c84c7dd:active { border:0!important; } .u1f42fa0465e0e78ec5f1ed314c84c7dd .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u1f42fa0465e0e78ec5f1ed314c84c7dd { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; haziness: 1; change: obscurity 250ms; webkit-progress: darkness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u1f42fa0465e0e78ec5f1ed314c84c7dd:active , .u1f42fa0465e0e78ec5f1ed314c84c7dd:hover { murkiness: 1; progress: mistiness 250ms; webkit-progress: haziness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u1f42fa0465e0e78ec5f1ed314c84c7dd .focused content zone { width: 100%; position: relativ e; } .u1f42fa0465e0e78ec5f1ed314c84c7dd .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-adornment: underline; } .u1f42fa0465e0e78ec5f1ed314c84c7dd .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u1f42fa0465e0e78ec5f1ed314c84c7dd .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; outskirt span: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: striking; line-stature: 26px; moz-outskirt range: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-beautification: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: total; right: 0; top: 0; } .u1f42fa0465e0e78ec5f1ed314c84c7dd:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u1f42fa0465e 0e78ec5f1ed314c84c7dd .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u1f42fa0465e0e78ec5f1ed314c84c7dd-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u1f42fa0465e0e78ec5f1ed314c84c7dd:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Apert Syndrome Essay Day had broken cold and dim, exceedingly cold and dim is utilized by London to give us the prologue to the scene of a winter day with chilling temperatures. 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Persuation in Communication Essay

Anything Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 7

Anything - Essay Example As Hands notes, life has gotten hard for many families. The middle gross full-time week after week income have fallen, in expansion balanced terms, by 9% since 2008. Expectations for everyday comforts for some, families have been level, best case scenario, for any longer. During that equivalent period, the worth included expense, which hits low-pay laborers hardest, has been raised to 20% (21). It is basic to think of means and approaches to lift the salaries of the individuals who are most unfortunate paid. On the off chance that the base wages are expanded, this ought to compare to changes in the expense code. On the off chance that this were not placed in thought 33% of each pound in wage increment would be taken by the Treasury. What government officials who announce an expansion in the lowest pay permitted by law are less quick to share is that solitary 68% of each additional pound in expanded wages really arrives at the pockets of low-breadwinners. The rest is taken by the Trea sury through a 20% personal assessment that applies to each pound of income above  £10,000 every year proportionate to around 39 working a long time at 40 hours out of every week on the lowest pay permitted by law and a 12% national protection conclusion on profit above  £8,000. For the numerous who will likewise observe their in-work benefits decreased, the viable minor expense rate is over 32% (Hands 21). This is the reason the case of raising the lowest pay permitted by law is a customary technique that is utilized by legislators. On the off chance that the wages are expanded the legislature gets credit however, then again the expense incomes expanded and intensify the circumstance. This demonstrates a superior method to help the low-salary workers is by a total expense change. The national protection paid is nothing more other than charge by another name. While there has been extensive advancement in raising the edge for annual assessment, lawmakers are prominently close-lipped regarding doing likewise for national protection. The outcome is that somebody working 40 hours at the lowest pay permitted by law

The dietary requirements necessary to maintain a healthy Essay

The dietary prerequisites important to keep up a sound - Essay Example Processing separates proteins into amino acids. Amino acids are of three classes †basic, unimportant and restrictive amino acids. Basic amino acids are nine †â€Å"Histidine, Isoleucine, Leucine, Lycine, Methionine, Phenylalanine, Threonine, Tryptophan and Valine† †and must be acquired from food consumption. Trivial amino acids are four †â€Å"Alanine, Asparagine, Aspartic Acid and Glutamic Acid† †and are made by the body by separating fundamental amino acids. Restrictive amino acids are eight in number †â€Å"Arginine, Cysteine, Glutamine, Glycine, Ornithine, Proline, Serine and Tyrosine† †and are not seen as fundamental. They are just required in the midst of sickness. There are numerous wellsprings of proteins: a wide range of meat, a wide range of beans, nuts and seeds, soy proteins items, dairy items and eggs. Admission of proteins ought to be managed. This is on the grounds that a significant level of proteins may exhaust the kidney. Meat and eggs admission ought to likewise be looked as these items contain elevated levels of cholesterol. Aggregation of cholesterol in the body is a hazard factor for coronary illness. In extreme lack of proteins, Kwashiorkor is probably going to create. The suggested every day admission of proteins is â€Å"2 to 3 ounces of cooked lean meat, poultry, or fish;  ½ cup of cooked dried beans; 1 egg, 2 tablespoons of nutty spread, or 1 ounce of cheese†. Starches Starches are significant as they give the fuel to the body subsequent to being separated to glucose which is oxidized to discharge vitality. Starches are of two primary sorts †intricate and basic sugars. Complex sugars incorporate starch and dietary fiber. Complex starches must be separated to glucose for the body to use. Starch is contained in nourishments, for example, breads, oats and vegetables. Dietary fiber is of two classes: dissolvable and insoluble fiber. Dissolvable dietary strands incorporate oats, nuts and seeds among others while insoluble dietary filaments incorporate earthy colored rice, grain, natural products among others. Straightforward starches are those that normally have sugars, for example, organic products, milk items among others (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2012). Dietary filaments are suggested over refined dinners. Evacuating the outer front of grains changes over them into refined nourishments. The graph beneath show the suggested meas ure of grams required day by day (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2012). Supplement (Units) Child 1-3 Female 4-8 Male 4-8 Female 9-13 Male 9-13 Female 14-18 Male 14-18 Female 19-30 Male 19-30 Female 31-50 Male 31-50 Female 51+ Male 51+ Total Fiber (grams) 14 17 20 22 25 31 28 34 25 31 22 28 Excessive admission of sugars particularly the straightforward starches are related with stoutness since abundance glucose is put away. Lack in sugars in the body powers the body to consume fats and proteins to use as a wellspring of vitality (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2012). This inadequacy in this way prompts malnourished individuals. In any case, in extreme instances of sugar inadequacy, marasmus is probably going to create. Marasmus creates when there is serious hunger. Lipids are required in the body to ship the fat solvent nutrients, gracefully vitality and give unsaturated fats. Lipids exist in different structures; on the off chance that a lipid is a fluid at r oom temperature, at that point it is called oil, on the off chance that it is strong at room temperature, at that point it alluded to as fat. Lipids are hydrolyzed to discharge glycerol, unsaturated fats, diglycerides and monoglycerides. Unsaturated fats are especially significant in the

An Importance of Education

â€Å"Education is our identification to the future, for tomorrow has a place with the individuals who set it up today.† These words said by Malcolm X show how noteworthy is the effect, which schools have on youthful personalities. Great tutoring is basic for each general public and individual, as it should plan understudies for the universe of work sometime down the road just as to show them the qualities and ethics required in the general public. As such, it is school where young people are furnished with vital aptitudes so they can take an interest successfully as individual from network, henceforth they get an opportunity to contribute towards the improvement of regular character. Thus, there have been numerous endeavors to make a school situation that will permit youngsters to develop inwardly, truly and intellectually. Thusly, there are two primary decisions to make. This is having a solitary sexual orientation training, or a school where understudies are in study halls with a blend of sexes. Nonetheless, as it has been recently expressed, the school ought to be viewed as an impression of this present reality. This present reality is coeducational however, so blended schools are appropriately viewed as increasingly legitimate setting for the youthful students. The primary worry about single-sex study halls is that its individuals won't be fit for keeping up effective connections for the duration of their lives since they will be acquainted with cooperation just with either young men or young ladies. All things considered, having the option to speak with the other sex is essential to get ready understudies for the expert world. Coeducational schools superbly serve this capacity, since cooperation in study halls is both intentional and administered. In addition, youngsters there have the chance to be shown a more extensive scope of fundamental abilities for example seeing progressively various purposes of perspectives, shared regard or basically how to coordinate productively and make effective relational bonds. In actuality, single-sex schools not just breaking point these opportunities for framing companionships with the other gender yet additionally impede them, as such limitations lead to seeing the other sex in a completely ridiculous, ideological way, essentially in light of the fact that kids do not have the time spent together. Furthermore, lack in shared contact denies youngsters from sex isolated homerooms of an improving encounter that is finding out about and from one another. That reality can be additionally affirmed by numerous inquires about, according to which kids need a blend of customarily manly and female attributes, such as playing serious games and talking about feelings, so as to be intellectually sound. In this manner, young men who invest their energy generally with different young men are believed to be possessive and to show animosity. Young ladies additionally advantage from the young men's essence by being progressively brave while acting in the general public. In addition, homeroom task dependent on sexual orientation shows youngsters that guys and females have totally various sorts of brains, which immovably bolsters generalizing alongside segregation. Correspondingly, the basic convictions, that no one but young men can play football or videogames and just young ladies are permitted to play with dolls, strengthen sexism in schools and in the way of life everywhere, as kids will in general kindness individuals from their own gathering, and be biased against those in differentiating gatherings. On the other hand, the kids in the coed study hall are less likely to restrain their inclinations as indicated by sexual orientation †the young ladies can play football and the young men are permitted to play with dolls.Still, it has been contended that both genders embrace various methodologies towards learning, and considering, they ought to be educated disparately. Without a doubt, most same-sex study halls permit instructors to tailor their exercises toward the particular needs of their understudies. For instance, a class conversation of â€Å"Romeo and Juliet† in a young men's school can include an investigation of a kid's first love broke down from his point of view. Similarly, utilizing books highlighting lead female characters might be all the more speaking to young ladies or discussing the effect of religion on little youngsters can possibly truly arrive at the objective gathering, while such conversations in co-ed schools are typically less open and reached out than those in a solitary sex school. Be that as it may, not many educators are viably prepared to deal with a solitary sexual orientation learning condition, yet not very many universities offer explicit projects or courses. Considering the way that learning is best cultivated when the conveyance strategy coordinates the subject itself, it is the nature of educators' training†not sex of their understudies †that decides how effective the result is.Because of that, despite the fact that understudies can likewise gain from home, school conditions are key during improvement of youthful personalities. As opposed to isolate young men and young ladies, schools should move the completely inverse way which is preparing young men and young ladies how to cooperate, regard and bolster one another. It isn't well before the young people of today will be the guardians, colleagues, and pioneers of tomorrow. Because of that reality it is particularly critical to exploit coeducation to outline the genuinely libertarian culture, that we hope to experience later on.

Essay Writing Topics With Answers

Essay Writing Topics With AnswersThere are several different essay writing topics with answers that you can use for your assignments. Your essay should be organized and well written, so make sure that you plan everything out thoroughly before beginning. Here are some examples of different essays and writing topics with answers that you can use for your assignments.As a Writer: This is a huge topic that you can use for your essay writing. Many people are creative when it comes to storytelling and story telling. You can take this subject and turn it into an essay. Have the ideas from your writing and turn them into an essay.Website: This is another great subject to use for an essay. Think about what you have been doing on your site and what is it about. It could be about business, home, or something else. You can also use this as a topic for your essay writing if you plan on doing an essay.Movie: Movies are a huge topic that you can use to write about. You can talk about how movies cha nged your life or even your career. The next time you are watching a movie, ask yourself what type of movie that you are watching. This could be used as a topic for your essay writing.Sports: Sports are a great subject to use for your essay writing. Think about the game that you are watching or the one that you play. You can also talk about the team that you play for or perhaps the school that you are playing for.Sports: This is a great topic for an essay. Talk about the game that you are watching or one that you are playing. Also talk about the sport or the school that you are playing for.College: This is a topic that many people look at when they start college. They will think about what they want to major in and how they will major in it. When you start thinking about your career, this is a great topic to use for your essay writing. You can talk about what you love about your job and how you think it will change your life.These are just a few examples of essay writing topics with answers that you can use for your assignments. Use what ever you want but make sure that it fits with your essay. Have fun! And enjoy the process of writing.

The history and development of business - Free Essay Example

Introduction Business history, in the broadest sense of the world includes everything regarding the past of business, from the individual histories of firms up to the entire business process systems. The scope and boundaries of such has continued to be a subject of intense debates. However, business histories research insights into the nature and origins of innovations and wealth of nations. As a result of the researches, there have been understandings on the roles of business histories and development when it comes to business success. By nature, business history is an interdisciplinary subject. First and foremost, businesses are economic units that make such decisions as how much of a good to produce, how to make it, and what to change for it, their behavior is nothing if not the subject of the economic theory. At the same time, however, businesses are organizations of people whose choices are affected by the social and cultural environment in which they live and work. Hence, understanding how businesses operated in the past and why they have succeed or failed, is inevitably an interpretive activity that requires the tools and sensitivity of scholars of history as well. This paper should discuss the extent of the impact of understanding the business history and development in terms of the success of business. This shall provide situational examples so that the p oints of discussion can be discussed accordingly. History of Business Strategies The concept of strategy can be traced back during the military campaigns. The results of which, whether good or bad, were the products of the ideas of a strategists. The first recorded writing about strategic thinking was authored by Greeks and Romans (Shimizu, Carvalho, and Laurindo 2006). The oldest text that discusses the matter is â€Å"The Art of War† by the Chinese writer Sun Tzu in the fourth century B.C. this book reached the West during the 18th century and was well disseminated during the 20th century. Various authors have published books regarding the concept. The most influential of all are Karl von Clausewitz, a Prussian general, and Antoine-Henri de Jomini, a French-Swiss general. Von Clausewitz works contribute in the understanding the relationship between theory and practice and envisions war as a dynamic process. According to him strategic theory should have a descriptive nature rather than prescriptive. An example of this is that there is no exact recipe in being successful; instead learning from outside experiences is possible. On the other hand, Jominis principles in strategy emphasized that there are scientific principles in military strategy. These principles should not only be prescribed, but should be followed. This was considered now as the prescriptive approach. Jomini considered that these strategic principles are always valid and are independent of a situations or the technology employed. These two contradicting approaches have contributed in the strategies of the business world. Von Clausewitz use of analogy especially in taking cases is frequently being used in the study of business. These two authors have great influence in the strategic theory. Michael Porter formulated the generic strategies in the 1980s. It outlines three main strategic options open to organizations that aims to achieve a competitive advantage. Each of options is considered within the context of the competitive environment. The three generi c strategies are cost leadership, differentiation and focus. Cost Leadership: In a low cost organization, factories are built and maintained. Labor force are recruited and trained in delivering the lowest cost of production. Cost advantage is the main focus. In every element of the value chain, costs are being shaved off. Low costs do not always mean low prices. Example of this strategy is practiced by Toyota. Differentiation: This strategy satisfies the needs of customers through a sustainable advantage of competition. Companies are allowed to desensitize prices and focus on value providing a better market margin and a comparatively higher price. The advantage of this strategy is that allows organizations to segment its markets so that it can target specific segments. British Airways practice this kind of strategy. Focus on Niche Strategy: This strategy is suitable when an organization can afford neither a wide scope of cost leadership nor a wide scope of differentiation s trategy. In this strategy, the organization is focused in the effort and resources on a very narrow and segmented market. Telecommunications companies often use this kind of strategy. Technologys Recent Development and Globalization Thomas Friedmans book entitled â€Å"The World is Flat† is a metaphor of the world in terms of its leverage in commerce and competition, just like in a playing field wherein everyone has an equal opportunity. In this book, he analyzed globalizations progress, giving emphasis on the 21st century. Friedman views globalization as a change in the economic core in the sense that it leveled in the competitive playing fields between the industrial countries and those with emerging markets. There are a lot of globalization books available and this book by Friedman managed to entertain, inform and sometimes annoy its readers. The author was able to travel all points, however, he emphasized on two nations that will be the worlds future giants, India and China. The details and the research that he used are very intriguing especially the data from the call center workers in India. The writer made presented this book since it discusses about technology which is very important in th e evolution of business history as well as its significant impact for the success of the business. A Case Study A case study was conducted by Sahai regarding the evolution and history of the Acer Company. It is shown that Acer had carefully articulated its strategy from the very beginning of its formation in all of its decisions organizational structure, people management, policy decisions, business strategies, etc. that was quite revolutionary in the Asian world. Acer has used innovative management techniques for its operations, human resources management, and diversification and channel strategies. It has been able to allow (almost) complete decision making power to its business units while still leveraging the competencies from these individual autonomous units by promoting a management style which promotes individual growth innovative operations management using the concepts from JIT building a â€Å"client server† organization which enables open communication and knowledge transfer wisely choosing its partners in successful companies like IBM in US and SNI in Europe. These str ategies have led the company to the stage where it is now faced with the Asian crisis and the growing international competition. Additionally, with the introduction of the internet, the division of labor and capital has disappeared. In other words, the competitive advantage of Acer is gradually going away. Partnership and new product strategies based on internet technologies seem to provide the solution. It has to adapt to the changing world and develop new set of policies. Developing corporate strategies is a phenomenon similar to learning from other species in the animal kingdom, and the five REM provide a basis for developing winning corporate policies. Relationship Marketing Certain organizational changes have facilitated the growth of relationship marketing. Amongst these the most significant is the role definition of the members of the organization. Through a variety of changes in organizational processes, companies are now directly involving users of products and services in the purchase and acquisition decisions of the company. For a considerable time, these functions were managed by the procurement department as a specialized function, with little or no input from the actual users of these products and services. Thus the separation that existed between the producer and the user due to the existence of user middlemen, acting as gatekeepers, is potentially bridged in many cases. Wherever such changes are being made, direct interaction and cooperative relationship between producers and users develop. Finally, in the post-industrialization period the increase in competitive intensity is forcing marketers to be concerned with customer retention. As several studies have indicated, retaining customers is less expensive and perhaps a more sustainable competitive advantage than acquiring new customers. Marketers are realizing that it costs less to retain customers than to compete for new ones (Rosenberg Czepiel 1984). On the supply side it pays more to develop closer relationships with a few suppliers than to develop more vendors (Hayes, Wheelwright and Clark 1988; Spekman 1988). In addition, several marketers are also concerned with keeping customers for life, rather than merely making a one-time sale (Cannie and Caplin 1991). In summary, relationship-orientation in marketing has staged a comeback. It was only during the peak of industrialization that marketings orientation shifted toward a transactional approach. With the advent of middlemen, and the separation of producers and users, there was a greater transactions orientation. Industrialization led to a reversal in the relationship between supply and demand, when due to m ass production efforts producers created excess supply of goods and services and were them selves preoccupied with achieving production efficiencies. Thus, they needed middlemen to service the customer. The middlemen in turn, adopted a transactional approach as they were more interested in the economic benefits of exchange than the value of production and/or consumption. Although efficiencies in product distribution were achieved through middlemen, effectiveness was not always accomplished as was evident from the literature on channel conflict. Although the exchange paradigm has been very useful in the development of marketing theory, it has outlived its utility. Born out of the transactions focus, the exchange paradigm serves a useful purpose in explaining value distribution among marketing actors. In the industrial era, where only manufacturers created value through their developmental and production activities, and middlemen shared the risk of ownership and provided the time a nd place utility, exchange paradigm was a useful way to study value distribution among these marketing actors. Consumers derived a surplus and utility from this exchange, but they could not contribute as much in value creation. However, where consumers are involved in co-production and have interdependent relationships with producers, the concern for value creation is paramount. For example, in home building, buyers get involved and emotionally attached with the home building process seeking to create value for them. The nature of interactions between the builder and the home buyer is not related to the exchange as much as it to create a dream home for the buyer. Exchange paradigm may explain the transaction in an existing home sale where value distribution is being undertaken, however, in the home building case or other situations where consumers are directly involved as co-producers, co-designers or co-marketers, there is a need for an alternative paradigm of marketing. Conclusion By nature, business history is an interdisciplinary subject. First and foremost, businesses are economic units that make such decisions as how much of a good to produce, how to make it, and what to change for it, their behavior is nothing if not the subject of the economic theory. At the same time, however, businesses are organizations of people whose choices are affected by the social and cultural environment in which they live and work. Hence, understanding how businesses operated in the past and why they have succeed or failed, is inevitably an interpretive activity that requires the tools and sensitivity of scholars of history as well. It is true that historical knowledge has sometimes been reduced to studying the facts without contextualization, without paying attention to their vital environment, to the political, cultural or social context of an era. We must not fall into this trap. Fortunately, ours is a young discipline, and this means that we are free of the paralyzin g perspectives and lifeless dissections which sometimes dog the study of history. According to classical authors, the first role of history is to teach us about life. It shows us how to avoid stumbling over the same stone again and again. It tells us, for example, who the main actors were in the most important events, and why they acted as they did. It informs us about moments of crisis and how people responded to them. It reports the most noteworthy successes. And it offers the upcoming generations a new way of working. History contributes so much, and so it should be cultivated, because it helps to keep alive the true identity of our profession. The main problem is the sources. We cannot know what no one has taken the trouble to preserve. This is why it is so important to read the books written by the great figures of business development. But it is also vital to complete the picture by reading other points of view. We have to consult state archives, specialized journals, do cuments from businesses and bibliographical sources. It is not enough to collect the great masterpieces written by leading figures. It is just as important to take note of everyday matters, because it is this, in the long run, which will enable us to delineate more accurately the distinctive features of our profession. In this sense, there are some historical sources which are of primary importance: internal bulletins of companies and professional associations, reports produced by experts, and empirical analyses. All documents are useful to reconstruct later the identity of a particular corporation, the features of a particular event, or the overall history of business. Those of us who work in this profession will thus be empowered to project its strategy into the future, because we thoroughly understand its past. BIBLIOGRAPHY Cannie, J. K., and Caplin, D. (1991) Keeping Customers for Life. American Management Association, New York. Hayes, R. H., Wheelright, S.C. and Clarke, K. (1988) Dynamic Manufacturing. The Free Press, New York. Pearce, Robert. (2006). Globalization and Development: an International Business Strategy Approach. Transnational Corporations. Volume 15, Number 1, pp. 39-74. Rosenberg, L. J. and Cziepiel, J. A. (1984) A Marketing Approach to Customer Retention, Journal of Consumer Marketing, Vol. 1, Spring, pp.45-51. Sahi, A. K. Learning from Evolution. Unpublished Dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Shimizu, T., Carvalho, M.M. and Laurindo F.J.B. (2006). Strategic Alignment Process and Decision Support Systems: Theory and Case Studies. Idea Group Inc. pp. 1-13. Spekman, R. E. (1988) Strategic Supplier Selection: Understanding Long-Term Buyer Relationships, Business Horizons, (July/August), pp. 75-81.